critical data literacy can also be understood as the ability to make critical judgements about the ideology underlying data-driven innovation.

Source: laes, A., & Philippette, T. (2020). Defining a critical data literacy for recommender systems: A media-grounded approach. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 12(3), p. 20
Online: https://doi.org/10.23860/JMLE-2020-12-3-3

Critical data literacy is the ability to critically engage with datafication by reflecting on the societal implications of data processing and implementing this understanding in practice.

Source: Brand, J.; Sander, I. (2020). Critical data literacy tools for advancing data justice: A guidebook. Data Justice Lab.
Online (Download): https://datajusticelab.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/djl-data-literacy-guidebook.pdf